2015-04-22 16:17:33Have read5711
Electronic lighting switch power shortage phenomenon analysis and solution Xu Jintian Hengshui City, Hebei Hengshui City Science and Technology Information Institute to analyze the reasons electronic lighting switch several electrical Luo programs load power shortage phenomenon and gives effective solutions Method.
Introduction of electronic lighting switch is a new lighting control system in recent years, the emergence of sub outdoor and indoor switch switch two spines Currently, commercial products are mostly carried out for outdoor public lighting. People to light, people from the lights from daughter daughter-controlled delay switch, these switches based sauce often due to poor emergence of insufficient power supply to the load, thus making the light bulb dim or flicker, not only affect the quality of lighting, but also because harmonics content greater impact on power quality, interference from other electrical normal operation of the paper will analyze the causes of this phenomenon and gives solutions also law.
1 triac conduction caused Guidan dimly lit and flashing phenomenon 1.1 Causes controllable electronic switch off baby do circuit actuators, which are used for two-way controllable capacitive baby buck rectifier circuit supplying power to the control circuit Parallel switch is often made for such a switching power supply lampholders view and trigger the execution of some common light bulb lit fines circuit program is due to insufficient power supply voltage caused by the direct cause of the flashing light is the supply voltage jump instability. Heart AC mains supply is normal, the lamp voltage power supply shortage and the root causes of instability can only jump from the switch actuator triac circuits related to baby doll is a kind of two-way controllable dual conduction of the controllable element. Most of the positive and negative trigger current triac baby conducting the required minimum value there is a difference. When the trigger current shown in Figure 1 by the trigger very inflows trigger, reverse conducting the required trigger current value is higher than the minimum required to trigger the forward current, due to differences in the size of the element varies, and some triac trigger baby reverse conduction current is relatively close, while others are very different, even if the control circuit provides a difference of 231 trigger current is relatively small, high-pass reverse those trigger current minimum value will triac baby It appears only forward conduction, and the reverse turn-off phenomenon, leading to a half-wave-powered lamp, so dimly lit, reach normal brightness. For those who needed to trigger a reverse conduction current and the control circuit trigger current relatively close triac baby can occur when the pass off the reverse phenomenon, sometimes full-wave power bulb, sometimes half-wave power supply, the lamp supply voltage the opportunity to jump instability, flashing lights phenomenon occurs when the ambient temperature decreases, the triac trigger characteristic late baby will become distressed, the minimum required to trigger current value becomes large, dimly lit and flashing lights appear phenomena more . Warm days, this phenomenon will be slow Solution 1 bottle 1.2 good production before component testing and screening, those reverse triggering the current lowest value larger triac baby removed for use in cold area in northern electronic switches, in the production but also to strictly reduce this off 2 3 Figure l Min resistance or to stabilize voltage ZD take higher with increasing control circuit provides trigger current decreases but sometimes after anti- triac baby still can not get a reverse pass, the control voltage circuit output may decline, part of the reason is the lack of power supply capacity, it should increase the bulk capacitors. The capacity to find clever like 9914 before adding. 346 of 1.1 feet 16 of her. 1. Oil speak bud [now party to double handicap brother Philip banana known how to increase the amount of not less than 033f triac 3A TL336 and other baby, the electric capacity of not less than 0.5 Jealous £ 2 fixed position when the circuit design defect waning phenomenon caused by power supply design timing circuit defect location, in addition to affect the accuracy and stability of the light-emitting delayed, sometimes switching output voltage will gradually decline, so the lights dim Figure 2 shows some delay since daughter in law circuit switches, set to trigger the execution of the circuit is directly connected to a light bulb without the time when, without charge storage capacitor, a controllable baby not trigger current in the off state when the need to get the lights signal lights, the control circuit showed a high potential output terminal, fight the charge, then discharge electrode and controlled by the trigger baby, baby turned so controllable, light bulb. With the release of charge, to provide controllable baby trigger current decreases, when the trigger current is insufficient to trigger controlled baby, the baby will be a controlled shutdown, lamp-law off. Obviously, light bulb delay from the length of time the controllable daughter Eva trigger sensitivity to a great relationship characteristic feature is triggered late pure, trigger current may not trigger a slight decrease, while the light bulb time may be shorter for those triggering characteristic Very sensitive controllable baby, even if the discharge current is changed to 0 will still be able to make small controlled lung turned on, light bulb can be a long duration of this program are clever electronic switch sentence, the same batch of products emitting extension When the dispersion may be large, when using different power bulbs, temperature controlled baby is different, change the trigger sensitivity to produce sound emitting delay accuracy current, the trigger current is gradually reduced when the trigger current is small to set When the extent of some controllable baby immediately turned off, while others need a slow transition process leading to the lights dimming phenomenon. Tests showed that some types of controlled quite Gui trigger current having its anode voltage increases with decreasing characteristic, under the same conditions trigger current, the anode voltage is low when the touch is not fixed, the anode voltage is increased after some You can trigger conduction through. When a baby with this trigger feature controllable operating at progressively reducing the trigger current conditions, the conduction status there will be a slow transition process in the initial stage of discharge, the baby of the controllable enough to provide trigger current product attack suddenly glimpse jurisdiction lao lao way ounce package emitting normal sentence, and the lamp voltage waveform-controlled doll shown in Figure 3. This state of sustainable period of time. When the trigger current is reduced to some extent, controllable baby anode direct voltage pulse starts to rise from zero in the initial stage, due to the low anode voltage, controllable baby over time can not be turned on, the anode of the pulse voltage is gradually increased, required to trigger the current value will be reduced, when the anode voltage is high to some extent, controllable baby can trigger turns on, then the anode voltage controllable lung fell immediately on the pulse voltage is applied to the lamp bulb Development of the baby due controllable conduction time delayed pulse voltage waveform for each cycle is only part of the time is conducting, the lamp powered time, reduced power, light dimmed, this time about the waveform shown in Figure aunt with the trigger current is gradually reduced and controllable baby conducting the required anode voltage is gradually increased, after the conduction time shift progress, progress shorten the lamp power supply time, light continues to darken, the waveform shown in Figure 36 lights dimmed phenomenon continued to a certain extent after, since the capacitor discharge current is 0 and progress to reduce controllable baby conducting anode voltage required would go higher, but pulsed DC voltage amplitude peak after the decline, can not meet control baby conduction conditions, controllable baby completely off, the pulse voltage is applied to the controllable all shoes, lamps energized daughter off, trigger current waveform shown in Figure 31 decreases the lamp power supply waveform-controlled anode voltage waveforms of two circuits light plot anode voltage and control voltage waveform due to the presence of a controlled doll trigger sensitivity dispersion, which triggers characteristics vary with the degree of variation of the anode voltage supply are not the same, which produce late, the length of the duration of the light dimming phenomenon, in the same batch of product is different trigger characteristics using sensitive controllable baby can delay the moment the lights dimmed phenomenon, but the lights from the delay time will be longer-law, in relative terms, the lights in the darkened state working time Some late president also used to trigger controlled sad baby, the lights dim phenomenon appeared moments earlier, because of the lighting delay self daughter a short time, the light in low-light state time is shorter To effectively reduce or eliminate the phenomenon of light fades , it seems that only the choice of the basic characteristics that trigger uncontrollable baby anode voltage does not vary with change, but this method is more difficult to operate in the organization of production. I believe that in Figure 2 Get-type circuit program difficult to ensure consistency of product quality, the country into electrical lighting design, the timing circuit and trigger circuit split is necessary due to the control circuit 3 nail caused by insufficient power supply 3.1 darken Phenomenon Causes When the tandem switch, lamp-law status withstand ¥ AC voltage across the switch, the switch control circuit can be fully within the power supply light state, the AC voltage is applied to substantially all of the light bulbs, switches show the path state, the minimum voltage drop across , internal switch control circuit may lose effective power supply, resulting in low supply voltage control circuit, causing a series of problems. The design difficulty of the tandem-type electronic switch, is how close to zero the switch into the line terminal voltage control circuit able to ensure adequate, stable DC supply voltage, the circuit shown in Figure 4. In this regard inconsiderate.
Tandem switching circuit seen from Figure 4, when the switching operation, the control circuit output showed a high potential by providing sufficient proof to trigger current controllable baby, make a controlled turn-on shoes, AC power by the light bulb, the rectifier bridge and Dayton controllable form a loop, bulb full voltage power supply, normal development of this time controlled the ON state, it ends ie, d between the voltage is lower than lV, a, b between the AC voltage is very low, only about 2 ¥ Rectifier tube and controllable forward voltage drop of the baby and apparently, controlled by the shutdown due to the conducting of the work of state transitions make the point DC voltage from the ¥ suddenly drops to near zero, the DC power supply source control circuit loss, but this time The control circuit is necessary to power itself, but also to continue to provide trigger current controlled doll, 6:00 predetermined voltage electrical energy will be released and controlled by baby bypass conductive. This consumes only, no supplementary power supply is difficult to maintain the six-point voltage is bound to decline, which will lead to high-level output state control circuit output potential to produce some degree of depression, reduced to a controllable trigger current when baby offers 6:00 voltage continues to drop, the control circuit provides trigger current small to some extent, the controllable normal trigger will encounter difficulties.
In this case, those can trigger current value is not substantially affect the anode voltage controllable baby immediately turned off the lamp in the circuit delay time from the arrival of daughter in law because it controlled before the baby daughter trigger current lack of those can trigger off electrical conduction phenomenon later when the initial phase of the pulse waveform DC voltage is near zero at controllable baby is not turned on, as time goes on, sine pulse DC pressure is increased to a given extent, controlled by the OFF to baby conduction, the anode voltage dropped to near zero. Controllable baby turned postpone the moment the lamp powered time, lack of power, brightness declined somewhat due to controlled lung is turned off by the delivery within a period of time sine pulse DC voltage is gradually increasing but suddenly falling, located between the anode and cathode controllable baby BP, d between two spikes occur, this can cause voltage spikes 6:00 to get some degree of potential complemented by anti-but in the initial stage, due to a sharp pulse duration lower than the peak voltage of charm , supplement the control circuitry is not significant, 6:00 potentials will continue to decline, the control circuit outputs trigger current progressive decrease controllable baby can only postpone progress conduction time, until the anode voltage rises until after progress turned this way, controllable baby anode sharp pulse duration will be longer, the amplitude increases, the controllable baby conduction interval blamed some narrow, shorten lamp powered time progressed, the energy decreases, the lights dimmed progress. Because controllable baby anode spike amplitude during off has increased, the power supply to the control circuit capacity enhancement supplement, when the above changes to the fixed extent, controllable baby anode voltage spikes between 0,1 electrical energy can be provided to make up for the current consumption of the control circuit, so the potential of 6:00 no longer continue to decline, the circuit reaches steady state species relatively balanced, controllable baby within a given period of time to maintain the conduction range unchanged, given the lamp low luminous intensity light, until the circuit delay from the time a relatively stable when the time comes daughter daughter-off related to the above process waveform shown in Figure 5 full bright lights begin to dim lamp voltage b voltage between a voltage circuit of the lamp voltage and 4 controllable voltage waveform seen from the above analysis, the lights dimmed Figure 4 circuit generates the control circuit is due to insufficient power supply caused by controllable current is reduced due to a trigger, delayed conduction time, the lamp is powered time, power supply lack of capacity caused by the lights dimmed, and not due to act as a controllable load caused baby. In fact, when the normal light bulbs, controllable baby is turned, but the drop is very low, controllable power loss is very small baby, when the lamp current transformer with gizzard dish liter reduction Tun 潘念盛 Pan 4 Bi 然彼Yang Zhen Lin sulfur harsh x. Teng Sheng but because the baby has not yet turned controllable, which no current through the plug is not controllable power consumption. However, after all, it is clearly insufficient lights dimmed this circuit, when the product is large amount of such a structure, lights in a sinusoidal power supply to the light-emitting portion interval resulting current uneven distribution of distortion power waveform will affect power quality interfere with the normal operation of other electrical appliances.
Moreover, since the dispersion element parameters, using this program production of electronic switch, some lights dimmed is not obvious, and some are more serious, product quality and performance consistency is not easy to guarantee. The cut, FIG. 4 of this circuit should be added to improve the interior.
3.2 Solution 3.2.1 Selection feature more sensitive trigger uncontrollable baby, prolonged full-time controllable consultations, making light bulbs in the circuit delay time since the daughter is always in full voltage power supply status.
3.2.2 increase capacity filter capacitor is 0, so that it can store more energy, slow down control circuit supply voltage, can reduce the lights dimmed phenomenon shown in Figure 3.2.3 certain extent, of the string 6 connected diodes, controllable baby when turned on, the center point of the voltage drop to near zero, then, on the string of anti-diode is reverse biased state, cut off from the supply voltage via the control circuit and conducting controlled plug release energy path, reducing the consumption of this part, the control circuit of the power supply voltage for all power supply to the control circuit, the control circuit can slow the decline in the DC supply voltage some extent, and thus delay the lights dimmed to reduce or eliminate the phenomenon of improvement former series switching power supply circuit 3.2.4 Improved control circuit in the lights, switch into the end loss of power situation, the control circuit can still get a relatively stable DC power supply adequate electricity PCT we note that baby turned controllable spike voltage can be between 1 Gd through appropriate control of the supply voltage to compensate the loss of the circuit, but because of the high technical resistance, attenuation, compensate limited extent we also noticed a sharp pulse voltage waveform is actually a kind of high harmonic content high waveform, if they can take advantage of these higher harmonics, making it as much as possible into the control circuitry required to DC, will achieve good results in the various circuit elements, the capacitor capacitance and its ends frequency is inversely proportional to the voltage, the higher the frequency of the electrical signal more easily through the capacitor 7 that is designed accordingly seed harmonic rectifier circuit in the lamp-law state, 6 mountain brother is the heart of this waveform pulsed DC frequency components relatively less, showing a higher capacitance, the pulse voltage is mainly down to the control circuit through anti-power. Lights after a period of time, since the control circuit voltage drop, trigger current is reduced so that the controllable baby delayed conduction phenomena, it appears anode spikes, high frequency components of the pulse voltage spikes by [a lot to £ 2 points, after 5 and After changing rectified and filtered, can effectively compensate for loss of control circuit supply voltage, so that 6:00 will soon stabilize at a given voltage level, the circuit can be achieved relative to homeostasis. With this approach, you can significantly shorten the duration spikes, reduce sharp pulse amplitude, the lamp operating time significantly longer than the circuit of Figure 4, changes in the strength shoot naked light bulb has been more subtle harmonic rectifier series controllable switching circuit 5 Trigger baby doll controllable current source instead of the anode circuit, the control circuit outputs a trigger instead guide voltage, voltage controlled by guiding the trigger current needed to go land in lights, the guide will trigger voltage controlled current into the baby Self-daughter time delay badly needed to trigger the lamp, the trigger current bypass control circuit rejection to provide trigger current burden, DC supply voltage of the rate of decline will be slowed down so that only occurs controllable duration baby anode electrode short, lower amplitude spikes, harmonics auxiliary rectifier circuit shown in Figure 1, the control circuit of the DC supply voltage will be more adequate and more stable at close to full voltage lamp operation, basically to maintain the brightness does not resolve to 4 load power shortage problem is the development of electronic technology of indoor lighting switches seen on key analytical, electronic lighting switch insufficient power to the load, or due to insufficient cause triac trigger current Dayton unidirectional conducting, or because of the trigger current is reduced small baby so controllable conduction interval narrowing caused by the load power waveforms produced significant changes in the use of public outdoor lighting delay switch from daughter, as clever as the use of white light to do load, impact load is just light dimmed.
In particular, two of the 6836, the corpse of 7, what two 0.0017 Zhoutai Ming. Source principle and design, Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 1993 automotive lighting, Shanghai lighting engineering research also edit this article Zhiying and indoor switch is different, here's load can be both white light knowledge, it may be ordinary inductive ballast burning light, capacitive compensation of inductive ballast burning lights, high power factor inductive ballast burning lights or electronic ballast burning light. Triac baby unidirectional conducting inductive ballast will burn light due to the DC power supply can not be controlled starter baby-period start time will significantly narrowed pulse voltage apparent mutation from zero to the forefront of high-voltage such a large voltage change rate makes the capacitive load capacitive compensation of inductive ballast burning lights, electronic ballasts and other light burning in the initial phase of each power cycle all have a strong impact current peak shape, it will not only so harmonic current increases to reduce line power factor, but also very vulnerable to damage electronic ballasts. The cut, the output voltage is insufficient for indoor use electronic switches bigger impact on indoor lighting because the duration of light is much greater than outdoor lighting, the indoor electronic control circuit switching the DC supply voltage requirement is even more demanding, no shellfish 1], the output voltage is difficult to avoid the problem of inadequate, electronic indoor lighting switches there is nothing practical, design difficulties which can be described as electronic switches where indoor lighting